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Fender vs Gibson (A, B et C)

Fender vs. Gibson (A, B, and C)

Case 9 10 2021 002A-C
Case published in the International Journal of Case Studies in Management, Vol. 19, No. 3
Languages : 
  • French,
  • English
  • Avantage compétitif,
  • Ciblage,
  • Concurrence,
  • Diversification,
  • Gestion de crise,
  • Image de marque,
  • FFPM
  • Competitive advantage,
  • Targeting,
  • Competition,
  • Diversification,
  • Crisis management,
  • Brand image,
  • SWOT
Year of production : 
2021
Registration date : 
2021-08-19
Teaching notes included : 
Yes
Case document count : 
3

Gibson et Fender, deux fleurons de l’industrie de la guitare moderne, ont été fondées respectivement en 1902 et en 1946. À la suite de l’invention de la guitare électrique en 1931, leurs histoires deviennent parallèles et prennent la forme d’une course à l’innovation, ponctuée de périodes de crise, d’achats opportunistes et de mauvaises décisions stratégiques. Cela ne les empêchera pas de devenir – et de rester – les deux leaders de leur industrie. Elles représentent à elles seules 70 % des parts de marché et sont établies dans le monde entier. Fender et Gibson disposent d’une image de marque que l’on peut qualifier de légendaire, ainsi que d’un fort capital culturel indissociable de l’histoire de la musique. Pour faire face à la forte chute des ventes de guitares électriques à partir du milieu des années 2000, Fender et Gibson adoptent deux stratégies de survie bien distinctes. Celle de Gibson consiste à fortement intensifier la diversification du groupe en rachetant des entreprises qui ouvrent son catalogue de produits à d’autres univers. Fender cherche à gagner des parts de marché auprès de nouveaux publics à forts potentiels de croissance. La stratégie de Gibson mènera l’entreprise à la banqueroute en 2018, tandis que celle de Fender lui permettra de conserver son statut de leader. Les trois parties de ce cas présentent leur histoire, leurs innovations respectives, l’évolution de leur offre, ainsi que les conséquences de leurs stratégies.

Gibson and Fender, two of the biggest success stories in the guitar industry, were founded in 1902 and 1946, respectively. After both companies introduced their version of the electric guitar, their stories became intertwined, and they began a race for innovation interspersed with periods of financial crisis, corporate takeovers, and poor strategic decisions. But, over time, they captured a 70% share of the market between them and became world-renowned, producing legendary guitars that changed the face of popular music, and thus of culture. In response to declining sales of electric guitars in the mid-2000s, the two companies adopted very different survival strategies. Gibson opted for diversification, purchasing companies that expanded its product line, while Fender chose to attract new audiences with high growth potential. Gibson’s overly ambitious strategy led it to bankruptcy, allowing Fender to retain its leadership status. Parts A, B, and C of this case present the two companies’ history, their innovations, their evolving product lines, and the consequences of their strategies.

Primary domain : 
Marketing
Secondary domain : 
Management  - Arts management
Sectors : 
  • Consumer goods,
  • Culture
Source : 
HEC Montréal
Type : 
Traditional case (Decision-making case)
Type of data used in the production of the case : 
Factual data that is public and free of potentially litigious content
Event location : 
États-Unis
Year of start of the event : 
1931
Year the event ended : 
Not available
Business size : 
Multinational
  • Avantage compétitif
  • Ciblage
  • Concurrence
  • Diversification
  • Competitive advantage
  • Targeting
  • Competition
  • Diversification
  • Contextualiser l’entreprise au regard de son histoire et de sa concurrence, et en analyser les forces, les faiblesses, les occasions qui se présentent ainsi que les dangers qui la menacent.
  • Discerner les cibles et le positionnement choisis par l’entreprise.
  • Discuter de la pertinence de la stratégie adoptée pour conserver sa position concurrentielle et répondre aux changements de son environnement d’affaires.
  • Contextualize the companies in terms of their history and competitors and conduct SWOT analyses (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats)
  • Identify the companies’ target clienteles and positioning strategies
  • Discuss the strategies adopted to protect their competitive position and respond to changes in their business environment
  • Avantage compétitif,
  • Ciblage,
  • Concurrence
  • Diversification
  • Competitive advantage
  • Targeting
  • Competition
  • Diversification